Cov txheej txheem tsim cov hnab looj tes nitrile uas muaj halogen tsawg yog qhov nyuaj dua li cov hnab looj tes nitrile ib txwm muaj, uas feem ntau pom hauv kev tswj cov ntsiab lus halogen, kev xaiv cov khoom siv raw, thiab kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Cov hauv qab no yog kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm cov txheej txheem, cov kev sib txuas tseem ceeb thiab cov teeb meem kev siv tshuab:
I. Qhov nyuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom
1. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv raw nruj
- Kev tau txais cov roj hmab nitrile butadiene roj hmab qis-halogen:
Cov roj hmab nitrile butadiene roj hmab ib txwm siv tau cov halogen-muaj cov pib, emulsifiers lossis catalysts (xws li cov tshuaj chlorine) thaum lub sijhawm polymerization, thaum cov txheej txheem qis-halogen yuav tsum tau txais cov txheej txheem pib halogen-dawb / qis-halogen (xws li peroxodisulphate es tsis txhob chlorine-muaj cov pib) lossis tshem tawm cov halogen seem los ntawm cov txheej txheem purification ntawm theem tom qab.
Cov kev txwv ntawm cov neeg sawv cev sib phim:
Cov neeg sawv cev sulfurizing, cov khoom ua kom nrawm, cov tshuaj antioxidants thiab lwm yam khoom ntxiv yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov tshuaj halogen (xws li cov tshuaj bromine uas muaj cov nplaim taws retardants, cov tshuaj chlorine uas muaj cov tshuaj vulcanization accelerators), thiab yuav tsum siv cov khoom ntxiv uas tsis ua rau ib puag ncig puas tsuaj (xws li cov tshuab vulcanization uas tsis muaj halogen, cov neeg sawv cev silane coupling, thiab lwm yam), uas kim dua thiab nyuaj dua los phim cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom ntxiv. 2.
2. Kev tswj hwm halogen hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom
-Kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem polymerization:
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv NBR polymerization (xws li emulsion polymerization) yuav tsum tswj qhov kub, siab thiab lub sijhawm teb kom raug, kom txo cov khoom seem (xws li halogenated hydrocarbons). Cov txheej txheem qis-halogen yuav xav tau lub sijhawm teb ntev dua lossis kev sib cais polymerization, ua rau kev siv zog thiab cov txheej txheem nyuaj dua.
Kev ntxuav thiab kev ntxuav:
Tom qab polymerization, cov roj hmab yuav tsum tau ntxuav los ntawm ntau theem dej, kev sib cais centrifugal thiab lwm yam txheej txheem kom tshem tawm cov seem halogenated monomers thiab cov khoom ntxiv, cov hnab looj tes ib txwm tsuas yog xav tau 1-2 zaug los ntxuav, thaum cov hnab looj tes qis-halogen xav tau 3-5 zaug lossis ntau dua, ua rau kev ua haujlwm qis dua thiab cov nqi kho dej khib nyiab nce ntxiv.
Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem ziab:
Cov txheej txheem ziab yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm qhov kub siab kom tsim tau cov tshuaj halogen, tej zaum yuav tsum siv cov tshuab ziab qis lossis tshuab nqus tsev kom qhuav kom ntev lub voj voog ntau lawm.
3. Qhov ntsuas siab ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas zoo
- Kev tshuaj xyuas kom meej ntawm cov ntsiab lus halogen:
Cov khoom siv tshuaj xyuas siab (piv txwv li ion chromatograph, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer) yuav tsum tau los tshuaj xyuas cov ntsiab lus Cl thiab Br ntawm txhua pawg khoom (qhov kev ntsuas yuav tsum nyob ntawm qib ppm), thaum cov hnab looj tes ib txwm tsuas yog tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas lawv cov khoom siv lub cev (piv txwv li lub zog tensile thiab elongation ntawm kev rhuav tshem).
Kev sib npaug ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntau yam:
Kev kho mob halogen qis yuav cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov hnab looj tes (piv txwv li, elasticity, puncture resistance), thiab nws yog qhov tsim nyog los kho cov mis (piv txwv li, ntxiv cov plasticizers tshwj xeeb, cov neeg sawv cev txhawb nqa) kom sib npaug qhov halogen qis, lub zog siab, thiab kev nplij siab, uas cuam tshuam nrog ntau qhov kev sim thiab kev ua kom zoo dua.
Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom
Piv txwv li, siv cov hnab looj tes nitrile butadiene uas tsis muaj halogen los ntawm kev siv leaching, cov txheej txheem thiab cov teeb meem yog raws li nram no:
1. Kev npaj cov roj hmab
-Kev npaj cov roj hmab latex uas tsis muaj halogen ntau:
Xaiv cov roj hmab nitrile butadiene uas muaj halogen tsawg (halogen ≤ 150ppm), ntxiv cov tshuaj vulcanizing uas tsis muaj halogenated (piv txwv li zinc oxide + sulfur daj), cov tshuaj accelerator uas tsis muaj halogenated (piv txwv li hyposulfonamides), cov tshuaj antioxidant (piv txwv li phenyl naphthyl amines), sib tov kom zoo thiab lim kom tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv.
-Qhov nyuaj: kev sib kis tsis sib xws ntawm cov khoom ntxiv yuav ua rau vulcanization tsis tiav lossis kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua tau zoo, cov khoom siv emulsification siab yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
2. Kev kho pwm
-Kev kho ua ntej txheej:
Cov pwm yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv dej thiab coated nrog cov tshuaj tso tawm uas tsis yog halogenated (piv txwv li hmoov txhuv nplej siab lossis cellulose kua) ua ntej kom tsis txhob lo thaum lub sijhawm tso cov hnab looj tes, cov hnab looj tes ib txwm siv tau cov tshuaj tso tawm halogenated (piv txwv li chlorinated paraffin).
3. Kev siv hnab looj tes dipping thiab vulcanization
- Kev faib ua ntu:
Ua ntej, muab cov kua nplaum (primer) ntsaws rau hauv thiab siv cov tshuaj pleev xim (kom txhim kho kev nplaum), tom qab ntawd ntsaws cov roj hmab (latex) los ua lub hnab looj tes, ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ntsaws ob peb zaug kom ua rau tuab dua, thiab ziab tom qab txhua qhov ntsaws (kub ≤80 ℃, kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam halogenation).
Cov txheej txheem vulcanization:
Qhov kub ntawm cov hnab looj tes nitrile ib txwm muaj yog li 120-150 ℃, thaum cov txheej txheem halogen qis yuav xav tau qhov kub qis thiab lub sijhawm ntev vulcanization (piv txwv li 100 ℃ × 60 feeb) kom txo qhov kev lwj ntawm cov khoom ntxiv los tsim cov tshuaj halogen hauv qab qhov kub siab.
4. Ntxuav thiab ziab
-Kev ntxuav ntau theem:
Tom qab vulcanized hnab looj tes yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog dej deionized rau ntau tshaj 3 zaug kom tshem tawm cov khoom seem thiab cov tshuaj halogen uas yaj tau, thiab yuav tsum tau centrifugal dewatering tom qab txhua zaus ntxuav.
Kev ziab:
Siv cua kub cua tshuab kom qhuav (kub ≤ 90 ℃) lossis lub tshuab nqus tsev kom qhuav kom ntseeg tau tias cov dej noo <1%, kom tsis txhob muaj kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw ntawm cov halogen ions hauv qhov chaw noo.
5. Kev kuaj thiab ntim khoom
-Kev kuaj Halogen:
Kev kuaj random ntawm txhua pawg los sim cov ntsiab lus ntawm Cl-, Br- (yog tias siv ion chromatography, cov kev txwv feem ntau yog Cl ≤ 900 ppm, Br ≤ 900 ppm, thiab tag nrho cov halogens ≤ 1500 ppm).
-Kev xeem ua tau zoo:
Lub zog tensile (≥14MPa), elongation ntawm tear (≥600%), puncture resistance (≥10N) thiab lwm yam indexes yuav tsum ua raws li ASTM D6319 thiab lwm yam qauv.
III. Cov Teeb Meem Txog Kev Siv Tshuab thiab Kev Lag Luam
1. Kev sib npaug ntawm tus nqi thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo
Vim yog cov khoom siv raw kim thiab cov txheej txheem ntev, tus nqi tsim khoom ntawm cov txheej txheem qis-halogen yog 20% -30% siab dua li cov hnab looj tes nitrile ib txwm muaj, thiab lub peev xwm tsim khoom raug txo los ntawm kwv yees li 15% (piv txwv li lub sijhawm ntxuav thiab ziab ntev dua).
2. Kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm poob qis
Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qee cov khoom ntxiv uas muaj halogen tsawg dua li cov khoom ntxiv uas muaj halogen ib txwm muaj, uas yuav ua rau cov hnab looj tes tsis kam laus zuj zus, thiab nws yuav tsum tau them los ntawm cov nano-fillers (piv txwv li, silica) lossis cov thev naus laus zis sib txuas ua ke.
3. Cov cai tswjfwm ib puag ncig tsav tsheb
EU Kev Txwv Tsis Pub Siv Cov Khoom Phom Sij Hauv Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Hluav Taws Xob (RoHS), International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) thiab lwm yam qauv yuav tsum siv cov khoom siv halogen tsawg hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob los txhawb cov txheej txheem txhim kho.
4. Kev lag luam siab heev
Tam sim no, cov hnab looj tes nitrile uas muaj halogen tsawg thoob ntiaj teb feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm Top Glove ntawm Malaysia, Ansell ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab lwm lub tuam txhab loj. Cov lag luam hauv tsev xws li Lanshan Medical thiab Ingenics Medical maj mam tawg los ntawm cov teeb meem kev siv tshuab uas muaj halogen tsawg.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-27-2025